Sunday, June 19, 2022
organic chicken raised with no antibiotics
https://www.today.com/food/organic-chicken-really-better-you-nutritionist-weighs-t145003
Fair Trade
https://www.fairtradecertified.org/who-we-are/fair-trade-movement
The origin of Fair Trade USA
Fair trade is a global movement made up of a diverse network of producers, companies, shoppers, advocates, and organizations working together to build a more equitable model of trade. The term "fair trade" is not specific to any one organization or certifying body.
The fair trade movement began to take shape in the years following World War II as a way to connect marginalized producers to global markets. One of the movement's key pioneers was Edna Ruth Byler, an American businesswoman who, in 1946, was moved by the women artisans she encountered along her travels and began selling their handmade textiles to her friends and neighbors to help them earn a living. Out of this grew Ten Thousand Villages and a global fair trade movement.
Coffee bore the world's first fair trade mark in 1988, and over the next ten years, fair trade certification took off to include more products and countries. Ten years later, in 1998, we founded Fair Trade USA. What started as a partnership with a handful of rural farmers and mission-driven coffee companies has since grown to become the leading certifier of fair trade products in North America with more than 1,250 business partners.
We are guided by a team of leaders, Board of Directors, and Advisory Council that is united under our mission to alleviate global poverty and promote sustainable development. Together with our committed business partners, philanthropic partners, and brands, we are innovating the fair trade model and driving impact for farmers, workers, and fishermen worldwide.
Get a glimpse into our story and milestones in the last 21 years.
Fair Trade Certified products are certified according to a robust system relying on independent, third-party evaluation and certification to hold businesses accountable to their fair trade commitments.
Fair Trade USA is also the home of Fair Trade Campaigns, a grassroots advocacy program that promotes multiple fair trade labels and systems in the US. Fair Trade Campaigns recognizes and promotes third-party certification and verification systems, including the Fair Trade Federation and the Fairtrade International, through its 300+ local, community- and campus-level efforts.
Our history in the international Fairtrade system
Fair Trade USA was a member of Fairtrade International—the international Fairtrade system made up of Fairtrade International and 19 national member organizations—for 13 years. During that time, we held roles on various Fairtrade Committees, and our CEO, Paul Rice, served on the Fairtrade International Board. As a member, Fair Trade USA was one of the top contributors, contributing millions of dollars a year to the system.
In 2012, we separated from Fairtrade International with the objective of growing the impact of the fair trade movement to new products, geographies, and producers around the world.
After separating in 2012, Fair Trade USA implemented a Producer Recognition Program that enabled producer organizations certified by FLOCERT (the single certifier for the Fairtrade International system) to continue selling their products to our affiliated buyers in the US. To support this program, we signed a data sharing agreement with FLOCERT for transaction and impact information from producer organizations. In turn, we helped fund Fairtrade International’s Monitoring & Evaluation data collection.
We also partnered with Fairtrade International, CLAC (the coordinating group for all fair trade producer organizations in Latin America), and others to support producers and facilitate market access to the US.
In May 2020, the service agreement with FLOCERT was terminated. We no longer have a formal relationship with FLOCERT or Fairtrade International. We continue to explore areas of collaboration in order to meet market and producer needs. Fair Trade USA also continues to recognize FLOCERT certificates, allowing certified producers to sell to our affiliated buyers in the US.
Fairtrade International and Fair Trade USA share a common mission to empower farmers and workers around the world to enable sustainable development for themselves and their communities. Many of the producers that sell fair trade products to Fair Trade USA affiliated buyers in the US also sell products to Fairtrade International buyers.
What makes Fair Trade USA different?
Fair Trade USA believes that all farmers and workers should have the opportunity to participate in the fair trade system, including workers employed by larger farms and farmers that are not part of organized cooperatives. In addition, Fair Trade USA works with farmers and workers in the Global North, including the US.
As a result, Fair Trade USA has expanded to certify more than 30 product categories, including quinoa, fresh produce, apparel, home goods, and seafood. In 2019, producers earned an additional $130 million through your purchases of those Fair Trade Certified products.
Today, we are leading the movement into the future by investing in technological innovation to elevate the transparency and traceability of our certified supply chains. We'll announce more details in the coming months about this initiative, which will create new value for all stakeholders in the global fair trade community, helping to accelerate growth and impact for farmers, workers, and their communities.
Saturday, June 18, 2022
Bluberries
Blueberry*: Study
!8-month study with middle aged rats
– Control group fed a standard rat diet
– Treatment group fed a diet with 1-2% blueberries
(equivalent to ½-1 c blueberries/day)
!“Rat Olympics”: Both groups given tests
– Blueberry fed rats: Showed improvement in
coordination and balance. Kept balance twice as
long as control group
– Brain reversed some signs of aging
!How? Receptors on brain cells improved
– *Same results with strawberries
Kale and spinach
Kale & Spinach: Study
!Nurses Health Study: 77,000 nurses
over age 45 followed for 12 years
!Ate spinach 2/week: 35% less cataracts
!Ate kale at least 1/week: 40% less
cataracts
Kale
Destroys more “free radicals”than any other
vegetable!
– Stops cataracts - similar benefits as spinach.
!Buy fresh kale – it becomes bitter with age
Spinach
One of the best foods to eat for your
eyes!
!Benefits:
– Zeaxanthin & lutein protect from macular
(retina) degeneration- leading cause of
blindness in the elderly
– Stops cataracts. Lens doesn‘t replace old
cells
Ellagic Acid: Benefits
Ellagic Acid: Benefits
!In lab studies shown to battle cancer of
esophagus and colon by:
– Decreasing the activity of enzymes that create
cancer causing compounds
– Boosting enzymes that “package”carcinogens to
be taken out
– Encouraging cell death in diseased cells
– Ellagic acid in strawberry, raspberry & blackberry seeds
strawbarries and blue berries
Strawberries: Study
!Put rats in 100% oxygen for 48 hours and
their brain activity went from the equivalent of
18 years to 60 years old
!For 2 months, fed rats a strawberry-fortified
diet*
!Put strawberry fed rats in 100% oxygen for 48
hours & their brains looked normal– no agin
strawberries
Protects the aging
brain from oxidative
damage
!Ellagic acid in seeds
prevents tumors of
of the esophagus
and colon
Broccoli
!Sulforaphane is a cancer fighter. Boosts
enzymes that collect & remove carcinogens &
encourages cell death in diseased cells
!Study: 2 groups of rats were exposed to
cancer causing compounds
– Those that received Sulforaphane – had 60% less
mammary tumors.
orange
Orange (750)
!Juice & Peel of fruit may help prevent cancer
of stomach, mouth, lung, breast and skin
!Boosts enzymes that collect & remove cancer
causing compounds & encourages death in
diseased cells
Garlic -allicin prevent cancer growth
Inhibits cancer growth of
stomach, pancreas,
breast, prostate, lung,
kidney & brain
!Allicin created when 2
ingredients combine.
– Must let chopped or
sliced garlic sit for 10
minutes before heating
Yellow corn
Yellow Corn (402)
!Provides 2 carotenoids
– Lutein & zeaxanthin. Both lutein and
zeaxanthin found in macula of eye
!Benefits
– Can help prevent loss of sharp vision
Macular (retina) degeneration is the
Antioxidants reduce Free Radicals
Antioxidants reduce Free Radicals
!Every cell needs oxygen to generate energy, but
this process forms some unstable molecules
!These unstable molecules stabilize themselves,
by stealing electrons from nearby molecules –
creating free radicals (unstable molecules that
need to stabilize)
!Antioxidants minimize free radicals
!Free radicals may lead to cancer, heart disease,
memory loss, impaired eyesight & more
Red Tomatoes (189)
!Benefits
– Provides lycopene
– Lycopene protects against prostate & lung cancer
– 10 servings/week of any food with tomatoes
decreased risk of prostate cancer by 35%
!Cooking frees lycopene (doubles)
– Tomato soup
– Tomato Sauces: pasta & pizza
!Raw red tomatoes – Deep red best!
• Vine ripened & small have most lycopene
They Starved So That Others Be Better Fed: Remembering Ancel Keys and the Minnesota Experiment
https://academic.oup.com/jn/article/135/6/1347/4663828
Study: Dietary Supplements Do Nothing for Health
Reference and copy from (HealthDay News)
HealthDay Reporter
MONDAY, April 8, 2019 (HealthDay News) -- If you're popping dietary supplements in the hope of living longer, a large new study suggests you'd be better off investing that money in nutritious foods.
The research found that vitamins A and K, magnesium, zinc and copper were linked to a lower risk of death from heart disease or stroke, and an overall lower risk of dying during the average six years of follow-up. But these findings were true only when the nutrients came from foods, not from supplements.
Of more concern, the study found that taking at least 1,000 milligrams of calcium daily from supplements was associated with an increased risk of death. This was not true of calcium from food.
"Over half of the United States population takes supplements on a regular basis. But it's pretty clear that supplement use has no benefit for the general population. Supplements are not a substitute for a healthy balanced diet," said Dr. Fang Fang Zhang, the study's senior author.
"There's a belief that supplements can improve and maintain health, but this study provides more evidence that there are no benefits," added Zhang. She's an associate professor at the Tufts University School of Nutrition Science and Policy in Boston.
Zhang said it wasn't clear why nutrients from supplements didn't provide the same benefits they do when they're found in food.
"Supplement forms could just have different effects than the natural form. In food, the body can regulate and limit the absorption of nutrients. In supplements, the body doesn't have the same regulatory impact," she said.
Zhang did note that the population in this study was generally healthy, so the findings don't necessarily apply to people who are deficient in certain nutrients.
The study included more than 27,000 U.S. adults aged 20 or older. They answered questions about their dietary supplement use and their diets.
More than half reported using at least one supplement, and more than one-third used a multivitamin. Supplement users were more likely to be female, white and have higher levels of education and income. They were also more likely to eat a healthy diet and be physically active.
Vitamin C was the most commonly used supplement, followed by vitamin E, calcium and vitamin D, according to the report.
So is it time to clear out the cabinets and toss all of your supplements?
Zhang said if you're healthy, supplements aren't recommended. But if you've been diagnosed as deficient in a certain nutrient, don't stop taking it without talking to your doctor, she advised.
Samantha Heller is a registered dietitian at NYU Langone Health who wasn't involved in the study.
"No single nutrient is going to solve our health issues. But there are times where supplementation with vitamins or minerals is necessary and important," said Heller.
For example, people who are living a vegan lifestyle may come up short on vitamin B12, vitamin D and omega-3 fatty acids, she explained. And she said that vitamin D insufficiency is a global problem, though there's no consensus among health experts as to how much vitamin D people should take.
"Supplements can be helpful when necessary, but there are people who feel that if a little is good, more is better. Our bodies work at maintaining a very delicate balance, and taking too much of any one nutrient can knock that balance off," Heller said.
The bottom line, according to both experts, is that everyone should get most vitamins and minerals from foods.
"No single supplement can include all of the amazing plant compounds contained in fruits and vegetables, legumes, nuts and seeds, and whole grains," Heller said. "The nutrients in foods work synergistically to help keep us healthy and fight disease."
The study findings were published online April 8 in the Annals of Internal Medicine.
Show Sources
Vitamin D3
According to John Cannell, head of the vitamin D Council (a California-based advocacy group promoting vitamin D), when it comes to popping that vitamin D pill, "take it on a full stomach, take it on an empty stomach. Take it once a day, take it twice a day. Take it with fat, take it without fat. None of that matters."
Week 11 Overview
Welcome to Week 11! This is our last class together. I want you to know how much I have enjoyed teaching you (and you teaching me).
This week we highlight the power of plants! Then you will have the opportunity to catch up or get ahead on assignments.
- Quiz 5 is due this week.
- You can still submit your Diet Analysis assignment for 10% off by Saturday (6/18) 11:59 pm.
- Use this time for work due next week (Activity 2 & Extra Credit).
Monday: Live Zoom lecture on Phytochemicals. You will get to know 9 fruits & veggies with phytochemicals.
- Prior to class, guess the answers for the Phytochemical Worksheet
Download Phytochemical Worksheet
. Match the fruits and veggies with their health benefits. - To join go to Calendar, click N10 & your class time. If you can't join, a recording will be available in Zoom, Cloud Recordings tab.
Independent work:
- Use this time for work due this week (Quiz 5) and next week (Activity 2 & Extra Credit). No Final exam...Activity 2 is due finals week.
Due by Saturday 11:59 pm:
- Quiz 5. The quiz has 15 questions (true/false, multiple choice, multiple answer). You will have 30 minutes to complete the quiz.
- Quiz Topics:
- Phytochemicals lecture
- Phytochemical Worksheet
- Food & Supplement Labels lecture
- Organic & Fair Trade Certifications lecture
Saturday, June 4, 2022
Saturday, May 21, 2022
Saturday, May 14, 2022
Genetically modified organisms
Chapters 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7 1
a. What was happening to the papayas in Hawaii?
b. How did the Cornell scientists solve the Ring Spot virus problem in papayas?
3. Are GMO (bioengineered) foods safe for humans?
a. What are the benefits?
b. What are the risks?
4. Are GMO (bioengineered) foods safe for our environment?
a. What are the benefits in our environment?
b. What are the risks in our environment?
5. Monarch Butterflies:
a. What did John Losey determine from his research in the lab?
b. What were the findings from research performed in the cornfields?
c. Does growing Bt corn impact Monarch Butterflies?
6. Impact on Organic Farmers:
a. How do organic farmers use Bt differently than the farmers growing
bioengineered Bt corn?
b. How will Bt corn impact organic farmers?
“Harvest of Fear” Video Worksheet One
Saturday, May 7, 2022
2 Types of Carbohydrates
1. Simple Carbohydrates
Monosaccharide (1 sugar molecule)
Disaccharide (2 sugar molecules)
2. Complex Carbohydrates
Polysaccharide (100’s of sugar molecules)
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Orange (750) ! Juice & Peel of fruit may help prevent cancer of stomach, mouth, lung, breast and skin ! Boosts enzymes that collect ...
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https://openoregon.pressbooks.pub/nutritionscience/
